Educational Tools/Resources 

Physical Abuse and Neglect 

• Diagnosis and Management of Physical Abuse in Children (2013).

        https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24364482/ This article provides facts about child abuse and neglect, and diagnostic and treatment guidelines.

• Improving Communication with families for evaluation of child abuse (2020). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7786754/

• This article encourages a standardized guideline for the evaluation of child abuse so that a more complete and evidence-based evaluation for child abuse can be accomplished, with decreased bias and variation among health care providers.

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preventing Child Abuse and Neglect.

        https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/childabuseandneglect/fastfact.html

        This CDC pages offers insight on data and prevention for child abuse.

• Are There Hallmarks of Child Abuse?

         https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6474500/

• This paper examines the specificity of the classical metaphyseal lesion (CML) and rib fractures as hallmarks of child abuse. 

• Medical Child Abuse and Medical Neglect. (2020) Jenny C, Metz JB. Pediatrics in Review. 41(2):49-60.

         https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.2017-0302

        This article reviews medical child abuse (aka muchasuen by proxy) and medical neglect.

• Bruising Characteristics Discriminating Physical Child Abuse From Accidental Trauma (2010). Pierce et al Pediatrics 125(1)

         www.pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2008-3632

• Validation of a Clinical Decision Rule to Predict Abuse in Young Children Based on Bruising Characteristics (2021) Pierce et al JAMA Network Open. 4(4):e215832.

          doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.5832

• Child Abuse Medical Provider Program - Resources and recommendations for use of skeletal survey.

         https://champprogram.com/pdf/skeletal-survey-march-2021.pdf

• Long-Term Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect (2019).

         https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubpdfs/long_term_consequences.pdf

Reports/Publications

Sexual Abuse, Sexual Assault & Sexual Trafficking

• A National Protocol for Sexual Abuse Medical Forensic Examinations Pediatric (2016).

         https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.safeta.org/resource/resmgr/protocol_documents/national_pediatric_protocol_.pdf

• National Institute of Justice. National Best Practices for Sexual Assault Kits: A Multidisciplinary Approach (n.d.). 

         https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/nij/250384.pdf

• A National Protocol for Sexual Abuse Medical Forensic Examinations Pediatric (2016). Table of Contents. 

         https://www.safeta.org/page/KIDSProtocolTOC

• Sexual Abuse State Protocols

         https://www.safeta.org/page/stateprotocols

• Responding to children and adolescents who have been sexually abused: WHO clinical guidelines (2017): WHO clinical guidelines for sexually abused children and adolescents.
• Child Sex Trafficking and Commercial Sexual Exploitation: Health Care Needs of Victims Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect. Pediatrics (2015) 135 (3): 566–574: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-4138

Strangulation 

• International Association of Forensic Nurses. (2016). Non-Fatal Strangulation Documentation Toolkit. 

• Alliance for HOPE International Strangulation Training Institute.  The Institute provides training, technical assistance, web-based education programs, a directory of national trainers and experts, and a clearinghouse of all research related to domestic violence and sexual assault strangulation crimes. It enhances the knowledge and understanding of professionals working with victims of domestic violence and sexual assault who are strangled. It aims to improve policy and practice among the legal, medical, and advocacy communities, maximize capacity and expertise, and ultimately enhance victim safety. Alliance for HOPE International strangulation toolkit.

Other Education Resources:

• National Center for Missing and Exploited Children: Link to NCMEC connect - Resources for training and best practices related to missing and exploited children: https://ncmec.elevate.commpartners.com 

• National Crime Victims and Research Center:  The National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center (NCVC) was established in 1977 and has achieved an international reputation for its innovative research, education and training, evidence-based mental health treatment, prevention services, collaboration with victim service agencies, and consultation with public policymakers: https://medicine.musc.edu/departments/psychiatry/divisions-and-programs/divisions/ncvc

• Midwest Regional Children’s Advocacy: a set of independent lessons that can be viewed individually or in conjunction with the other lessons to give the participant a general understanding of the medical aspects of different forms of child abuse. By understanding what is needed medically to diagnose and treat children for suspected child abuse and neglect https://www.mrcac.org/elearning/medicalmdt/

• Children’s Bureau: This report presents national data about child abuse and neglect known to child protective services agencies in the United States during federal fiscal year 2020.

          https://www.acf.hhs.gov/cb/report/child-maltreatment-2020

Parent Resources

• American Academy of Pediatrics. org

• FBI: A Parent’s Guide to Internet Safety.
  • https://www2.fbi.gov/publications/pguide/pguidee.htm

• Childhelp USA® National Child Abuse Hotline: 1- 800-4-A-CHILD (1-800-422-4453) (24-hour resource offering crisis intervention, information, literature, and referrals; provides local telephone number to report cases of abuse). For information online about reporting abuse and local phone numbers, access the Childhelp USA® website at: http://www.childhelpusa.org

• National Center for Missing & Exploited Children Hotline: 1-800-THE-LOST (1-800-843-5678). (24-hour resource to report cases of missing or sexually exploited children.) For online reporting of child sexual exploitation, visit the NCMEC’s CyberTipline at: http://www.cybertipline.com